Your HVAC system circulates air throughout your home, making it a key player in indoor air quality. Here is how to use it effectively.
Start with Filtration
Filter selection matters. Higher MERV ratings capture smaller particles. MERV 11-13 captures most allergens while maintaining airflow. Check your system specifications for maximum recommended MERV.
Change filters regularly. A dirty filter cannot capture particles effectively and restricts airflow.
Consider upgraded filters. Pleated filters capture more than fiberglass. Electrostatic filters can be washed and reused.
Advanced Filtration Options
Whole-house air cleaners mount in the ductwork and provide higher filtration than standard filters without restricting airflow.
Electronic air cleaners use electrical charges to capture particles. They require regular cleaning but have minimal pressure drop.
HEPA filtration captures the smallest particles but typically requires dedicated equipment rather than using the main HVAC system.
UV Light Systems
UV-C lights installed near the evaporator coil kill mold, bacteria, and viruses that might grow on the coil or pass through the system.
Benefits include: - Reduced mold and biological growth - Cleaner coil operation - Some pathogen reduction in air
UV systems supplement but do not replace filtration.
Humidity Control
Too dry: Winter heating often dries indoor air. Whole-house humidifiers add moisture to prevent dry skin, static electricity, and respiratory irritation.
Too humid: Summer humidity promotes mold and dust mites. AC naturally dehumidifies. Dedicated dehumidifiers address persistent issues.
Bay Area coastal areas often deal with humidity issues. Inland areas may need humidification in winter.
Ventilation
Fresh air intake brings outdoor air into the system, diluting indoor pollutants. Some systems have dedicated fresh air ducts.
ERV/HRV systems exchange indoor and outdoor air while recovering energy, providing ventilation without major efficiency loss.
Proper ventilation is especially important in tightly sealed homes.
Source Control
The most effective air quality improvement is removing pollutant sources: - No smoking indoors - Vent kitchen and bathroom exhaust outside - Use low-VOC paints and products - Remove shoes at the door - Regular cleaning
Your HVAC system handles what remains in the air.
Duct Cleaning
Duct cleaning removes accumulated dust and debris. Consider it if: - Visible mold growth in ducts - Rodent or insect infestation - Excessive dust despite regular filter changes - After construction or renovation
Routine duct cleaning is not necessary for most homes. But addressing specific contamination makes sense.
Professional Assessment
If air quality problems persist, consider professional assessment: - Identify specific pollutants - Test for mold or other issues - Recommend targeted solutions
General improvements help most situations, but specific problems need specific solutions.